ऐतिहासिक पृष्टभूमि

ऐतिहासिक पृष्टभूमि (Historical background)

k|fs[lts ;’Gb/tfn] el/k”0f{ j}t8L lhNnf ;l3+o nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] k|b]z g+= & sf ( j6f lhNnfx? dWo] Ps dgf]/d kxf8L lhNnf xf] . o; lhNnfsf] gfd j}t8L s;/L /xg uof] eGg] ;DjGwdf 1fg]Zj/ e§/fO{ 4f/f lnlvt j[xt 1fgsf]if cg’;f/ oxf jfofj8 gfdsf] kxf8 5 , hxfF hf]8n] xfjf rNg] x’bfF ;:s[t efiffdf To;nfO{ j}t8 eGg yflnof] hf] kl5 j}t8L gfdn] k|Voft eof] oxL gfddf lhNnfsf] gfd /xg uPsf] 5 . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] sfof{no ;”rgf s]Gb| j}t8Lsf cg’;f/ j}t8Lsf] jl/kl/ kxf8x?df rf/ j6f s]bf/ b]jtfx?sf] b]j:yn 5 . lt rf/j6f s]bf/ dWo] blIf0fdf Ujfn]s s]bf/ ,k”j{df /f}nfs]bf/, pQ/df b]pn]s s]bf/ / klZrddf Wjh s]bf/ kb{5g h’g cf/fWo]b]j dxfb]jsf ?k x’g eGg] egfO{ 5  . o;/L zlQmzfnL b]jtfsf] 5q5fofFdf /x]sf] of] lxGb’x?sf] cfWoflTds tj/n] Hofb} kljq / k’0oe”dL xf] eg]/ k’/f0fsfndf j0f{g u/]sf] kfO{G5 . lo rf/}j6} s]bf/sf] b]j:yndf ofqf ug{ ;s] rf/wfd u/] ;/x x’G5 eGg] egfO{ klg 5 . b]j:ynx?df j}t8L ;b/d’sfdjf6 ;xh 9uFn] ofqf ug{ ;lsG5  . xfn Ujfn]s s]bf/ elgg] kj{tnfO{ klxn] jfof]Q8 kj{t elgg] /x]5  / TofxfF Hofb} xfjf nfUg] ub{5 . j9L xfjf nfUg] ePsf]n] ;:s[tdf jfof]Q8 -jfo ±Q8 _ cyf{t jfo’ rNg] 7fp kl5 jfo’Q8jf6 jfof]Q8 / kl5 zJbsf] cke|+; x’b} uO{ cGtdf j}t8L gfd /x]sf] xf] eGg] egfO{ 5 .

jg sfof{nox?sf] :yfkgf / @)## ;fndf /fli6«o jg of]hgf nfu’ ePkl5 k’gM ;+u7gdf kl/jt{g u/L k|wfg jg sfof{no vf/]h ug'{sf ;fy} ( j6f ;s{n, $) j6f jg l8lehg / !&$ j6f /]Gh sfof{nox?sf] :yfkgf ul/of] . lj=;+= @)$) ;fndf ljs]lGb|s/0f k|lqmof;Fu d]n vfg] u/L % j6f If]lqo jg lgb]{zgfnox? / cfly{s jif{ -cf=j=_ @)$#÷)$$ ;Dd &% j6} lhNnfdf l8lehg jg sfof{no :yfkgf ul/P . ltg lhNnf j}t8L, 88]Nw’/f / bfr'{nf x]g]{ ul/ a}t8L jg l8lehg sfof{no cGtu{tsf @ j6f /]Gh sfof{nox? pQ/ /]Gh / blIf0f /]Gh sfof{nox? /x]sf] ;Gbe{df l8lehg sfof{no vf/]h ul/ ;f] sfof{nonfO{ l8lehg jg sfof{no, j}t8Lsf] ?kdf lj=;+= @)#$ ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfnsf ;fljssf &% lhNnf dWo] &$ j6f lhNnfdf l8lehg jg sfof{nox?sf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf /x]sf] / tL lhNnfx?nfO{ jgIf]q / dxTjsf cfwf/df lj=;+= @)%) ;fndf s b]lv ª ;Dd u/L % ju{df ljefhg u/]sf]df j}t8L lhNnf -3_ ju{df kb{5 . @)&) ;fnsf] ;f+u7lgs b/jlGb cg’;f/ o; lhNnfdf ! ;]S6/ jg sfof{no / * j6f O{=j=sf= /x]sf 5g / xfn gofF l8lehg jg sfof{nosf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf cg’;f/ ! l8lehg jg sfof{no  / ^ uf]6f ;j l8lehg jg sfof{nox? /x]sf 5g\ .